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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*j[y]l-ync?ga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tasteless food face="Times New Roman Star"пресная пища face="Times New Roman Star"jylync?g|a (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 931.
face="Times New Roman Star"*syp- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to swallow greedily face="Times New Roman Star"жадно глотать, пить залпом face="Times New Roman Star"syp- face="Times New Roman Star"sypyr- face="Times New Roman Star"sipqar- (Pav. C. , Бор. Бад. ) face="Times New Roman Star"syfg|ar- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"hypyr- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 418, 423, ЭСТЯ 7. The Chag. form may have been secondary influenced by Mong. sibqar- 'to press, squeeze'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"l/-er- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to be full to overflowing face="Times New Roman Star"быть переполненным, переливаться через край face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?er- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 754.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ke.bi-l/c?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a gift of food to someone who comes to stack the crop after the fields are clear 2 harvest tax in favour of the poor or the clergy 3 debt face="Times New Roman Star"1 пищевой подарок тому, кто приходит складывать хлеб в скирды после того, как поля убраны 2 отчисление с урожая в пользу бедных или духовенства 3 долг face="Times New Roman Star"kevs?en| (MK ; spelled kfsn|) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kapsan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ka"psa"n 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kivz/en 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kepsen, kesmen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kewsen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Мудрак Дисс. . 89, EDT 585, 691, Федотов 1, 290-291. Turk. > Pers. kafsan 'harvest tax for the clergy and administration'; most modern forms may in fact have been borrowed back < Pers., but the Chuv. form can hardly be separated from the one attested in MK . The theory of its being borrowed from Mong. ko"lu"su"n (see Ro/na-Tas 1988 ) can be hardly justified. However, Hung. ko"lczo"n, indeed, has most probably a Mong. source and is not related to the words above.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:s face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 loss, damage 2 shame face="Times New Roman Star"1 потеря, вред 2 стыд face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"*s/os ( > Mari so"s "Geda"chtnisfeier", Hung. gya/sz, see Gombocz 1912 ) face="Times New Roman Star"sa:t 2, sa:s-ta:x (folkl.) 'enemy' face="Times New Roman Star"ha:tynnar- 'to shame smb.' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 150, EDT 973 (in modern languages hard to distinguish from the borrowed Arab. ya's 'despair, grief' - but in Old Turkic no doubt genuine), Stachowski 100.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kem face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"illness face="Times New Roman Star"болезнь face="Times New Roman Star"kem (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ig-kem (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"gem, kem (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ka"m (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kem face="Times New Roman Star"kem 'agnail (illness)' face="Times New Roman Star"kem face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 720, ЭСТЯ 5, 34-35, VEWT 250, Clark 1977 , 138, (should be distinguished from kem 'few' < Pers.). Cf. perhaps Chuv. kъw|mъw|r 'anger'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*saka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"foot of the mountain face="Times New Roman Star"подножье горы face="Times New Roman Star"saqa (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sag|a face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 396, EDT 805, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)am face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"vulva face="Times New Roman Star"vulva face="Times New Roman Star"am (MK - Oghuz, Kypch.) face="Times New Roman Star"am face="Times New Roman Star"am (Буд. 1, 90) face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) am (CCum ., AH , At-Tuhf.) face="Times New Roman Star"am face="Times New Roman Star"am (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"ha:%m face="Times New Roman Star"abas 'vulva'; amanax 'fat in the groins of cows, horses' face="Times New Roman Star"am (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"am (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 18, EDT 155, R 1 643.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAs- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"flat and broad face="Times New Roman Star"широкий и плоский face="Times New Roman Star"jasy (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jassy face="Times New Roman Star"jassy, jasty face="Times New Roman Star"jassy (AH , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jassi face="Times New Roman Star"jasty face="Times New Roman Star"jasy face="Times New Roman Star"jat|y face="Times New Roman Star"z?|assy face="Times New Roman Star"jasy face="Times New Roman Star"jassy face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 191, EDT 973-974, ЭСТЯ 4, 153-154, 155-156 (see there the list of other derivatives of the root *jAs-), Лексика 98.
face="Times New Roman Star"*suk- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to stick in, insert 2 hollow wood, whistle face="Times New Roman Star"1 втыкать, вставлять 2 полая древесина, свисток face="Times New Roman Star"suq- (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1, suqym 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"suq- (Qutb , Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"soq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sux- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"uk- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sug|- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sug|- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 432, EDT 805, 811.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bEdir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"painted ornamentation face="Times New Roman Star"рисованное украшение face="Times New Roman Star"bediz (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bed|iz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 310, VEWT 67.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"rke face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wooden dish, bowl face="Times New Roman Star"деревянное блюдо, чаша face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rge (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rge (Abush. ), ko"rege (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rgu" 'ein grosses Birkenrindengefa"ss' face="Times New Roman Star"korga 'scoop' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rege face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 742, VEWT 311, Федотов 1, 372.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ac?y- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 precious gift; wellbeing 2 to tend, make comfortable, be favourable 3 to pity, have compassion face="Times New Roman Star"1 драгоценный дар; благосостояние 2 быть благоприятным, благосклонным, ухаживать 3 жалеть, иметь сострадание face="Times New Roman Star"ac?yg| 1, ac?yn- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"az?|y- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"az?|y- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ahyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ahyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ac?y- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 22, 29, ЭСТЯ 1, 92 (together with *ia:c?y- 'bitter'), Stachowski 29. Turk. > WMong. ac?ug| 'wages, rent' (L 8). In modern languages the root tends to be confused with *ia:c?y- 'bitter, bitterness' (v. sub *p`i_a:/c?`o ), thus the Oghuz voicing may be a result of secondary contamination and not due to original vowel length; but the two roots are rather well distinguished in Old Turkic, see EDT ibid.
face="Times New Roman Star"*baj ( ? -n/) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 holy 2 God 3 true, reliable, honest face="Times New Roman Star"1 святой 2 бог face="Times New Roman Star"bajat 2 (MK - Argu, KB ), bajyq (MK Oghuz, IM ) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"bajat 2, bajyq (dial.) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"bajat 2 (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"baj-lu 1, maj- 'first part in a number of theonyms', baj terek 'world tree' face="Times New Roman Star"bajanaj 'name of a God' face="Times New Roman Star"baj terek 'protection, advocacy' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 385. See VEWT 56-57 (for derivatives), TMN 2, 379. The root should be probably distinguished from *ba:j 'rich' (v. sub *be:z?|u ). An unattested Tuva source > Russ. dial. (Tuva) bajba/ 'spirit of hunting luck', see Аникин 109. Yak. > Russ. (Yak.) bajanaj, see Аникин 125-126.
face="Times New Roman Star"*so"kel face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"ill face="Times New Roman Star"больной face="Times New Roman Star"so"kel (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"so"kel face="Times New Roman Star"so"ka"l (AH ), so"ku"l (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"so"ka"l (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 820, ЭСТЯ 7. The deriving stem is probably preserved in Turkm. so"k- 'to weaken'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*basyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"field, cornfield face="Times New Roman Star"поле face="Times New Roman Star"ba^su-rax| 'fenced garden, yard' (dial. Zonguldak - Eren 182) face="Times New Roman Star"basu; basaw (R, Kas.) face="Times New Roman Star"pozъ face="Times New Roman Star"bat|yw face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 64 (hardly < *bas- 'to press'), Федотов I 450-451. Turk. > Mari pasu, Udm. busy.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sa:(j)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to count, to consider face="Times New Roman Star"считать face="Times New Roman Star"sa- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"saj- face="Times New Roman Star"sa- (AH , IM ), saj- (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"saj- face="Times New Roman Star"sa:j- face="Times New Roman Star"su-, sъv- face="Times New Roman Star"a:- face="Times New Roman Star"saj- face="Times New Roman Star"saj- face="Times New Roman Star"saj- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 390, EDT 781-782, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 53. A common Turkic derivative is *sa:-n 'number, count' (VEWT 390, 400, ЭСТЯ 7), whence *sa:na- 'to count, determine' > Mong. sana- 'think' (cf. Щербак 1997 , 144). Turk. > Hung. sa/m 'number, figure', sza/n - 'to pity' (Gombocz 1912 ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bia:l/c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wound face="Times New Roman Star"рана face="Times New Roman Star"bas? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bas? (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"bas? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ba:s? face="Times New Roman Star"pu"z/ek 'scar' face="Times New Roman Star"ba:s face="Times New Roman Star"ba:s face="Times New Roman Star"bais/ (Krg. Castr. 124) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 376, VEWT 65, ЭСТЯ 2, 88-89, ОСНЯ 1, 172, Мудрак Дисс. 90, 194, Stachowski 57. Usually united with balyg| 'wound, wounded', but cf. PA *ma:\li .
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAj- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to turn back 2 to show respect 3 to squint; to move to smb.'s side 4 to run towards 5 to go past, around face="Times New Roman Star"1 оборачиваться 2 выказывать уважение 3 косить глазами; переходить на чью-л. сторону 4 бежать к 5 обойти, пройти мимо face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (OUygh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (MK ) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kaj- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qajla- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"xaj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (R ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xaj- 5 face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5 208-209, EDT 674. Stachowski 137 adds Yak. xaj ys-, Dolg. kan/ys- '(to turn and) look around', which would change the reconstruction to *KAn/-; however, there are no other traces of a nasal in the root, and the comparison looks somewhat dubious.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dEgin| face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"squirrel face="Times New Roman Star"белка face="Times New Roman Star"tejin| (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tegin| (MK - erroneously glossed 'sable', see EDT), tejin| (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"dejin, deg|in (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tijen face="Times New Roman Star"tejin (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tijin face="Times New Roman Star"tijin face="Times New Roman Star"tijin| face="Times New Roman Star"ti:n| face="Times New Roman Star"ti:n| face="Times New Roman Star"di:n| face="Times New Roman Star"tyjyn face="Times New Roman Star"tijin, tyjyn face="Times New Roman Star"tejen face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 470, EDT 569, ЭСТЯ 3, 180-181, Лексика 164-165, Stachowski 224. Criticism of the borrowing ( < Ugrian) theory see in Лексика 165, Аникин 546-547.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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